Characteristics of Mollusca

Characteristics of Mollusca:
1)Bilaterally symmetrical.
2)Body has more than two cell layers, tissues and organs.
3)Body without cavity.
4)Body possesses a through gut with mouth and anus.
5)Body monomeric and highly variable in form, may possess a dorsal or lateral shells of protein and calcareous spicules.
6)Has a nervous system with a circum-oesophagal ring, ganglia and paired nerve chords.
7)Has an open circulatory system with a heart and an aorta.
8)Has gaseous exchange organs called ctenidial gills.
9)Has a pair of kidneys.
10)Reproduction normally sexual and gonochoristic.
11)Feed a wide range of material.
12)Live in most environments.

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Coconut crabs

The coconut crab is eaten by the Pacific islanders and is considered a delicacy and an aphrodisiac, with a taste similar to lobster and crab meat. The most prized parts are the eggs inside the female coconut crab and the fat in the abdomen. Coconut crabs can be cooked like other large crustaceans, by boiling or steaming. Different islands also have a variety of recipes, as for example, coconut crab cooked in coconut milk. While the coconut crab itself is not innately poisonous, it may become so depending on its diet, and cases of coconut crab poisoning have occurred. It is believed that the poison comes from plant toxins, which would explain why some animals are poisonous and others not. Reputedly[citation needed], this poison is considered an aphrodisiac, similar to the highly poisonous pufferfish eaten in Japan. However, coconut crabs are not a commercially significant species and are usually not sold.

Coconut crabs mate frequently and quickly on dry land in the period from May to September, especially in July and August. The male and the female fight with each other, and the male turns the female on her back to mate. The whole mating procedure takes about 15 minutes. Shortly thereafter, the female lays her eggs and glues them to the underside of her abdomen, carrying the fertilized eggs underneath her body for a few months. At the time of hatching, usually October or November, the female coconut crab releases the eggs into the ocean at high tide. The larvae are of the zoea type, as usual for decapod crustaceans. It is reported that all coconut crabs do this on the same night, with many females on the beach at the same time.

The larvae float in the ocean for 28 days, during which a large number of them are eaten by predators. Afterwards, they live on the ocean floor and on the shore as hermit crabs, using discarded shells for protection for another 28 days. At that time, they sometimes visit dry land. As with all hermit crabs, they change their shells as they grow. After these 28 days, they leave the ocean permanently and lose the ability to breathe in water. Young coconut crabs that cannot find a seashell of the right size also often use broken coconut pieces. When they outgrow even coconut shells, they develop a hardened abdomen. About 4 to 8 years after hatching the coconut crab matures and can reproduce. This is an unusually long development period for a crustacean.

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goliath tigerfish

The goliath tigerfish makes its home in the Congo River system in Africa. The toothy, scary-looking creature looks more myth than reality and seems fit for the movie screen. The goliath tigerfish is considered Africa’s equivalent of the South American piranha.

The goliath tigerfish packs 32 razor-sharp teeth that can tear through even a solid steel wire. It has been ranked by “In Fisherman” magazine as one of the top 10 hardest-fighting freshwater fish on our planet. The fish has the scientific name of Hydrocynus Goliath and they can measure up to 2 meters in length and weigh up to 50 kg.

What makes the goliath tigerfish even more of a legend in Africa aside from its looks is the fact that it is an aggressive hunter. With it set of knives for teeth and aggressive temperament, these fish can pose a serious danger for humans. It’s best caught between and nightfall and is a very difficult fish to catch. A 30-40 pound goliath is considered a great catch, while 50-60 pounders would be a monster.

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Mekong giant catfish

The Mekong giant catfish is perhaps the most interesting and most threatened species in the Mekong river. For this reason conservationists have chosen it as a sort of “flagship” species to promote conservation on the Mekong. With recorded sizes of up to 10.5ft (3.2m) and 660lb (300kg), the Mekong’s giant catfish currently holds the Guinness Book of World Record’s position for the world’s largest freshwater fish. Although research projects are currently ongoing, relatively little is known about this species. Historically, the fish had a natural range that reached from the lower Mekong in Vietnam (above the tidally influenced brackish water of the river’s delta) all the way to the northern reaches of the river in the Yunnan province of China, spanning almost the entire 4,800 km length of the river. Due to threats, this species no longer inhabits the majority of its original habitat; it is now believed to only exist in small, isolated populations in the middle Mekong region. Fish congregate during the beginning of the rainy season and migrate upstream to spawn. They live primarily in the main channel of the river, where the water depth is over 10m while researchers, fishermen and officials have found this species in the Tonle Sap river and lake in Cambodia, a UNESCO Biosphere reserve. In the past, fishermen have reported the fish in a number of the Mekong’s tributaries; today, however, essentially no sightings are reported outside of the main Mekong river channel and the Tonle Sap region.

Attaining an unconfirmed length of 3 m, the Mekong giant catfish grows extremely quickly, reaching a mass of 150 to 200 kg in only six years.
The largest catch recorded in Thailand since record-keeping began in 1981 was a female measuring 2.7 m (roughly 9 feet) in length and weighing 293 kg (646 lb). This specimen, caught in 2005, is widely recognized as the largest freshwater fish ever caught (although sturgeon can far exceed this size, they can be anadromous). Thai Fisheries officials stripped the fish of its eggs as part of a breeding programme, intending then to release it, but the fish died in captivity and was sold as food to local villagers.

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Carcharodon carcharias

In the human imagination is the story of the Great White Shark (Latin: Carcharodon carcharias, Great White Shark) was very scary, but in reality it is not that dramatic. Along with often did research on these predators, White Shark image as a merciless killing machine began to slowly fade. Based on the facts, the 100-more shark attacks in the world, 1 / 3 or 1 / 2 of the number of such attacks by white sharks. However, almost all the attacks are not too fatal. Recent studies revealed that the white shark is an animal which naturally has the nature of 'curiosity' is great, when he saw the man who swam in the sea, white sharks are often 'only' will try to do a bite and then release it back without prey often man himself. Although this fact is not something to comfort us, but based on these studies indicate that humans are not the diet for white sharks.

White shark is the largest predator on earth, had an average body length of about 4.6 meters. The size of the largest white shark ever found is 6 meters long with a weight of 2.268 kg. White shark covered in gray on the upper body to disguise himself with the seabed. White shark gets its name based on the color white that surrounds the lower abdomen. White sharks have the ideal body shape (streamlined), able to swim at speeds of about 24 km / h like a torpedo. White sharks can even leap to the top surface of the water in a way through to the top like a whale when attacking their prey from below the water.

(Brown area on the spread of White Shark Projects Are). White shark is a predator that is able to adapt well, their mouth consists of 3000 triangular serrated teeth formed in a few lines. Having a keen sense of smell to detect prey from a distance of several kilometers. Even white sharks have an organ that is able to feel weak electromagnetic vibrations produced other animals. White shark can detect a single drop of blood in 100 liters of sea water even in a distance of 5 kilometers more. White sharks are the main prey of sea lions, seals, types of small Whale, Turtle and even carrion. White sharks are found in cold waters and coastal waters throughout the world. There is no clear record of the number of populations of white sharks. The researchers argue, the number of their population has declined along with the activity of catching sharks and sometimes accidentally caught in nets large vessels as well as by several other factors. White shark listed as a species (brown area on the spread of White Shark Projects Are). White shark is a predator that is able to adapt well, their mouth consists of 3000 triangular serrated teeth formed in a few lines. Having a keen sense of smell to detect prey from a distance of several kilometers. Even white sharks have an organ that is able to feel weak electromagnetic vibrations produced other animals. White shark can detect a single drop of blood in 100 liters of sea water even in a distance of 5 kilometers more. White sharks are the main prey of sea lions, seals, types of small Whale, Turtle and even carrion. White sharks are found in cold waters and coastal waters throughout the world. There is no clear record of the number of populations of white sharks. The researchers argue, the number of their population has declined along with the activity of catching sharks and sometimes accidentally caught in nets large vessels as well as by several other factors. White sharks listed as endangered species.

Facts about the Great White Shark:
Type: Fish (Fish)
Type of food: Carnivore
Size: 4.6 - 6 meters more
Weight: 2.268 kg or more
Status: Endangered

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Thresher Shark

The Thresher Shark is greyish to black with a white belly. The tail and the body of the Thresher Shark are equal in length. The Thresher Shark can be up to 11 ft. long.

The Thresher Shark is not dangerous to humans, but it can give serious injuries to fishermen, if the long powerful tail of the shark hit them. The Thresher Shark normally uses their tail to gather prey and stun them with tail blows and afterwards they eat their stunned prey. The Thresher Shark feet on fish and squids.

The Thresher Shark is a very endangered species, because a very intense fishery are driven on them. The fisheries for Thresher Sharks are usually with long-lines, but in some areas dynamite are used. The dynamite stuns the sharks so they come to the surface and can be taken aboard.

Thresher Sharks can keep a body temperature that are higher than the surrounding water, this gives the shark a faster digestion. The higher body temperature and the body of the Thresher Shark makes it a very fast swimmer. The Thresher Shark can jump several yards out of the water into the air.

The reproduction of Thresher Sharks is a bit strange. The first young ones in the uteruses of the mother eat the smaller and unfertilized eggs, while they are growing. Only two young ones are born, one for each uterus. The small sharks are about 3 ft. long when they are born, and when they are 12 to 14 years old they have a length of 9 ft.

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Great Hammerhead

Great Hammerhead

Size:
Birth: 20-28 in (50-70 cm)
Maturity: males 7-9 ft (2.2-2.7 m), females 8-10 ft (2.5-3 m)
Maximum: 18 feet (5.5 m) 6.1m?

Reproduction:
Maturity: unknown
Mode: viviparous
Gestation: 11 months
Pups: 13-42, 20-40, alternate years

Diet:
Juvenile: small teleost fishes, crabs

Adult: stingrays, skates, sharks, large teleost fishes, squids, crabs

Habitat: Intertidal, Estuaries, Sandy Plains, Rocky Reefs, Kelp Forests, Coral Reefs, Open Ocean, Deep Sea, Polar Sea, Fresh Waters

Depth: 3-260 ft (1-80m)

Distribution: South Pacific, Tropical Eastern Pacific, Chilean, Western North Atlantic, Caribbean, Amazonian, Eastern North Atlantic/Mediterranean, West African, Madagascaran, Arabian, Indian, South East Asian, Western Australian, Southeast Australian/New Zealand, Northern Australian, Japanese.

The feeding strategy of this particular Great Hammerhead seems remarkably efficient and economical. If this behavior is typical, it may explain why Great Hammerheads are particularly adept at catching stingrays. In any case, it is clear that this species has a particular gastronomic predilection for stingray flesh. Since stingrays often spend their daylight hours resting on the vast, sandy plains of shallow bays, it is not surprising that Great Hammerheads often haunt these areas in search of their favorite prey.

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Pacific Sleeper Shark

The Pacific Sleeper Shark has been most extensively studied in the Gulf of Alaska. Here, 73% of Pacific Sleeper stomachs examined contained remains (principally the horny, parrot-like beaks) of the Giant Pacific Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini). Alaskan Pacific Sleepers also prey heavily on bottom-dwelling teleost fishes — including a variety of soles, flounders, pollocks and rockfishes — but also take fast swimming prey — such as squids (Loligo, Ommastrephes, and others), Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), and Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) — as well as crunchy bottom-dwelling invertebrates — such as shrimps, hermit crabs, and even marine snails (including large, heavily-shelled tritons of the genus Fusitriton).

Like that of the White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias), the diet of Pacific Sleeper Sharks seems to broaden as they increase in size. A 3.7-foot (1.1-metre) female specimen from off Trinidad, California, was found to have fed mostly on Pacific Giant Squid (Moroteuthis robustus). The sharks included in the Gulf of Alaska study cited above ranged in length from 6.5 to 10 feet (2 to 3 metres) and had fed mostly on flounder, pollock, and cephalopods. Larger Pacific Sleepers, between 11 and 14 feet (3.6 and 4.3 metres) in length consume not only teleosts and cephalopods, but also marine mammals. A 13.5-foot (4.2-metre) male specimen captured off Patagonia contained three, 3-foot (1-metre) long Patagonian Toothfish (Dissostichius eleginoides) and numerous squid beaks. A 12-foot (3.6-metre) female Pacific Sleeper caught off the coast of Chile had in its stomach a whole, 34-inch (87-centimetre) Southern Rightwhale Dolphin (Lissodelphis peronii), while the 11-foot (3.9-metre) female that was stranded and shot in Kachemak Bay, Alaska, contained three octopuses, complete and shattered Tanner Crabs (Chionectes bardi), fragments of Hairy Tritons (Fusitriton oreganensis), and portions of at least three Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina).

Interestingly, although they often live near haul-outs of Steller’s Sea Lions (Eumetopias jubatus) and have the dentition to ‘process’ them, Pacific Sleeper Sharks in the Gulf of Alaska are not known to feed upon these large, calorie-rich pinnipeds. However, like any card-carrying shark, the Pacific Sleeper is ever ready to scavenge whenever the opportunity arises. And the annual 13,000-mile (21,000-kilometre) round-trip migration of the Grey Whale (Eschrichtius robustus) along the Pacific Coast of North America — from winter feeding grounds in the Gulf of Alaska to summer calving lagoons in the Sea of Cortez — provides ample opportunities, as many participants cannot endure the arduous journey.

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whale shark

n contrast to most sharks from the same order (Orectolobiformes), which are benthic (live on or near the bottom) species, the whale shark is a pelagic (open sea) species. Studies reveal that this shark prefers warm waters, with surface temperature around 21-30º C, marked by high primary productivity (much plankton). It is often seen offshore but commonly comes close inshore, sometimes entering lagoons or coral atolls.

The whale shark is thought to be highly migratory but currently there is no direct evidence to support this hypothesis. Their movements might be related to local productivity and they are often associated with schools of pelagic fish that are probably feeding on the same prey organisms.

Different geographic locations appear to be preferred at various times of the year. Whale sharks alternatively may undertake either fairly localized or large-scale transoceanic migrations, the movements governed by the timing and location of production pulses and possibly by breeding behavior. Seasonal migrations have been postulated for various areas but more information is needed to confirm these patterns. Each March and April, whale sharks are known to be aggregate on the continental shelf of the central western coast of Australia, particularly in the Ningaloo Reef area. A study was done in this area to provide information on the short-term movements and behavior of this species of shark. Whale sharks are thought to migrate to Ningaloo Reef each year to take advantage of the high zooplankton (microscopic animals) concentrations associated with large-scale coral spawning events occurring during the March and April full moons. A few whale sharks were tracked and some behavioral observations were made while snorkeling in the area. The reaction of the sharks to snorkellers varied between ignoring them to slowly diving. At times when water was flowing out from the reef lagoon, possibly transporting potential prey outside the reef, the tracked sharks swam in large circles adjacent to passes in the reef. The whale sharks also made numerous dives throughout the observation period. It appears that these movements, up and down through the water column, were associated with feeding. Whale sharks have smaller livers than most sharks and could conceivably control their buoyancy by swallowing some air as do the sand tiger sharks (Ondontaspis taurus).

Whale sharks were also observed near La Paz, Mexico. Researchers reported that when these sharks were not feeding at the surface, they swam practically without the head turning, gulping, and rhythmical opening and closing of the gill slits, seen during feeding behavior. The mouth was held slightly open, and the skin over the gill openings was quivering as water flowed steadily out the gill slits in the typical ventilation of pelagic sharks. Generally, whale sharks are encountered singly but loose aggregations of over 100 animals have been seen, which suggests that schooling activity does occur. Scientists do not know whether sexual segregation, either locally or geographically, occurs.

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Basking sharks

a migratory speciesal though its seasonal movements aren't well known. They dwell in northern waters as long as the plankton population is abundant, moving south in the winter. Though they are largely oceanic sharks, they can be found off the coast of Iceland and northern Europe during the summer where they mate.

this shark swims with its mouth open widely, gillrakers straining plankton from the water. The absence of basking sharks in the winter has led to the belief that they hibernate in deep waters until the following summer and, since they lose their gill rakers in winter, possibly cease to feed during this time.

Basking sharks inhabit subpolar and temperate seas moving southward during the winter. They prefer surface waters of the open sea, straying inland only to breed in the summer. basking shark has a conical snout, enormous gills, dark bristle-like gill rakers, and a crescent-shaped tail. Teeth are small and numerous(about one hundred per row) with a single conical cusp usually curved backwards, and similar in both jaws. Color is grayish brown to black above, often with blotches of a lighter color, and pale with blotches on the belly. Average size of this shark ranges from 7-9 m.

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Yeti Argentina

On July 23, 2010, two farmers in El Cerro Creston, about 40 kilometers west of San Jose de Metan, Argentina, managed to kill a strange creature like humans, but with a large canine teeth and sharp. Photo of the creature's head was leaked to the public and quite horrendous Argentine society.

According to local residents, who found this creature similar to that in the belief Ucumar creatures locally called as a creature that has a body like a man with bushy black hair covering his body. Sometimes these creatures are also often referred to as Yeti Argentina.

The existence of this creature in the forests of the southern part of the province, especially in Rosario de la Frontera, has become the news media for decades.

Photo of the creature's head was leaked to the public was taken by a man named Martin. He was photographed on the property owned by ranchers who killed the creature. The photo, taken from a cell phone, clearly showing a hominid with long fangs and protruding eyes.

Farmers who killed 79-year-old creature and has initials JS, while his nephew initials ES. Both asked their real names are not divulged to the public.

Martin told the daily El Tribuno about his experience when he visited the breeder.

"That Saturday, I arrived at the ranch and they tell me about events that happened on the previous night. I entered their house and there depending on the creature's body, his hands bound and extends almost touching the floor. I asked them the name of the creature, and they can not answer. "

According to Martin again, JS and ES kill the creature on July 23, yesterday.

In the dark of night, when it was gathering the cows, they heard a deafening sound near the end of the hills that surround their property. When approached and illuminated the place with flashlights, they found a pair of luminous green eyes that make them become fixated.

"According to them, it is Goblin creature, and to frighten him, they fired a rifle. The bullet was about the creature in the lower jaw to the upper left hand through the right eye brow. Because the shot was, a creature believed to be Ucumar it fell to the ground. "

Both breeders were then carried her petenakan. The next day, during daylight, they begin to believe that they have shot Ucumar. Martin said again:

"The creature has a short black bushy hair all over his body, except his face. Very scary to see the size of the fangs. "

Because of fear of reprisals, JS asked his colleagues to cut the creature's head and throwing her body. Retaliation is meant by JS was because he believed they had killed the son of Ucumar and worry about the act of revenge.

However, it is unclear what is meant by retaliation, retaliation entahkah derived from the mother or from the public.

Martin explains: "We cut the head which is then stored on the farm. Then, we wrap her body into a bag and throw it into some valley. "
JS, the owner of the Ranch, lives alone on his ranch and just get occasional visits from his nephew.

According to Martin, the creature was about 60-70 centimer.

Marcelo Choque, a veterinarian from the Environmental Division of the Service, quite surprised to see the photograph the creature. He said:

"I've never seen anything like it. Obviously it looks like anthropomorphic figure, but I can not mention from which species. And I also can not explain the extraordinary size of the fangs. "

Was it really Yeti Argentina?

Or just a monkey?

In comparison, this Weeper Capuchin Monkey or Cebus olivaceus, a type of monkey commonly found in South America.

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White lions

White lions are not albino (unpigmented) but are leucistic - leucism describes an effect rather than a particular gene. They have pigmentation which is visible in the eyes, paw pads and lips. Their eyes are usually the normal hazel or golden colour although some have blue, blue-green or greyish-green eyes. At birth, the cubs are snowy white and may be described as resembling polar bear cubs. The birth colour gradually darkens to a pale cream colour known as blond (another name for white lions is blond lions). The mane and tail tuft remain a paler shade.

Although the mutation occurred naturally in the wild and has cropped up several times due to hidden recessive genes, white lions do not have a place in the wild. They lack the tawny camouflage needed for survival - this makes them visible to poachers and to the prey, reducing their effectiveness as predators. It is possible that the former range of lions may have included terrain where a blond colour was advantageous. Modern strains of white lions should be considered "man-made" much as a Persian cat is a man-made cat breed. There has been a recent trend in breeding pure white lions for zoo exhibits and animal acts. To ensure genetic diversity, they are crossed with tawny lions from the same region.

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Difference Between African And Asian Elephant

Difference Between African And Asian Elephant - African Elephant is actually composed of two different species, according to a recent DNA research. Not only that, they are also different species of the Asian elephant from Mammoth.

"The most striking is the difference between the genetic structure of African elephants grassland with forest elephants of Africa," said David Reich, chairman of the study, as quoted by National Geographics

According to the study, two main species of African elephants are genetically distinct from one another, widely different as they are with the Asian elephant species that are descended from Mammoth.

Difference-the difference is very much in the elephant family tree. DNA evidence is quite represent it.

Elephant African grasslands (Loxodonta africana) and African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) actually comes from a common ancestor approximately 2 to 5 million years ago, but they continue to evolve so that it can differ up to date.

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GOLDEN Cat

GOLDEN gold paint or cat can now hardly we meet again or take a look because this animal is almost extinct along with the extinction of their forest habitat, where they live and breed in Asia and in Africa.
Golden cat of Asia has long been considered very close to the species of the African golden cat. His very name suggests how wonderful and beautiful cat, the body wrapped in golden-colored fur, feathers even though it may also appear brown, gray or bright golden red.

As usual brother cats, these animals sometimes look the dappled without losing its specific color. This animal is somewhat longer than the usual cats and never met with all black color. The back of his ears roundabout there is a short black line. White lines are restricted white on her cheek, which emerged from the inner corner of her eyes. The belly is always lighter in color than the hips.

Greater than his cousin from Africa, Asia Temminck gold cat-sized dog. There is another called the Fishing Cat found in several parts of the world, whose size is also somewhat similar.

Wozencraft, in a controversial explanation of the classification system of these animals in 1993 Temminck considers golden cat is a type Catopuma, along with the Bornean bay cat was saying is one version of Temminck cat (Wozencraft 1993) as well. African golden cat is separate from the two species and now stands alone with a type (genus) Profelis. All cats are classified as Felis.

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rhinoceros beetle

Let's talk about a strongest animal in the world. Speaking of the strongest animals, we often assume that the strongest animals are elephants. But, you know that African elephants are only able to lift weights with the proportion of 25% of the total weight?
Compare this to a rhinoceros beetle (The rhinoceros beetle) capable of carrying the load as much as 850 times the total weight! In other words, the proportion of body weight, the elephant is still inferior to human beings capable of lifting loads up to 10 times their weight, even more.

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Termite

Termites (Termite) who are soft-bodied insects commonly known as white ants. They have three main body parts, head, chest (thorax) & belly (abdomen). Termites have a social system, with kings, queens, workers, and soldiers.

Termite life cycle starting from egg soft orange transparent which will then hatch into larvae. The larvae will then grow into young termites are called nymphs. When growing up, this young termites will choose their role in the colony.

The first role that can be selected by the nymph is a termite workers. Worker termites in the colony amounted to at most. Their task is to find & store food, caring for the parent & larvae, build & repair nests. This caste has the ability to digest cellulose in wood, which will spit out the results of this digestion & offered as food carriers, soldiers & their larvae. This type of termites that can damage wooden buildings. The most destructive species of termites are Formosan termites because it has a very large colonies.

Another role is to be a termite soldier in charge of maintaining the colony. Termite species is not able to feed themselves. They rely on workers to provide them with regurgitated food. Termite soldiers and workers do not have eyes & sama2 usually live a maximum of 2 years.

Last role is to reproductive termites (Alates), the termites are candidates for the new queen of the colony later. Their body shape is still sleek and cool again, from the royal termites only those who have wings. The wing is needed to move to build a new colony, two pairs of wings of equal size will emerge from their backs. Because of this termite is classified in the order Isoptera (iso = same and pteron = wing). Reproductive termites are often called as moths and appear before the rain. Their beautiful body shape for termite groups (lean and winged) will not last long. Their wings are very fragile, and will soon fall out once they've found a place to build a new colony. If elected to the queen, the female moth's body will not be slim again and will be obese, because the purpose of his life until the hour of death is laying eggs for the colony.

Reproductive termites selected will be Queen & King in the colony. Where in the colony there is only one king and one queen. Termite queen who is also the world's longest living insects can live 50 years under the right conditions.

When a termite colony becomes too large, and the queen can not lay eggs enough to sustain it, sexual reproduction reproduction by the termites will be run to alleviate the burden of the queen. Although the secondary reproductive spawn fewer than queen, there can be hundreds of them in a colony. Their contribution to the capacity of egg-laying can be extraordinary colony when the queen dies and they can take over the total needs of reproduction.

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Pangolin

Pangolin / armadillo / Manis javanica is toothless anteaters.

Scales containing the active substance Tramadol HCl, which is binding on psychotropic particle type shabu-shabu & can lead to addiction. Tramadol HCl is also one of analgesic drugs used to treat severe pain both acute / chronic & postoperative pain. No wonder that pangolin scales sold on the black market at a price of millions or tens of millions per kilogram.

Based on scientific research, anteaters body contains substances that can keep the immune system (antibodies) are very high. Because of this, in countries such as Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia & country with many ethnic Chinese (who was known to enjoy extreme food on the pretext of health), pangolin meat is quite attractive. The price offered is also reaching hundreds of thousands per kilogram of meat. It would be very likely this price will continue to soar as scarcity of pangolin population.

And pangolins will soon become extinct due to hunting wild immoral for scales & meat. What I'm sorry, meat & skin confiscated pangolins (usually in the hundreds kilograms) would be destroyed by burning. What a pity that trenggiling2 fate, hunted, be skinned, burned with no results. The poor are not educated hunters 'kill' they can not profit. Benar2 great sin.

In my opinion, that death was not sia2 trenggiling2. Meat & scales should not be destroyed, but processed correctly for medical needs. Meat if indeed there is importer wants, can be sold at high prices. The results of these billions that could be used to protect the remaining population of anteaters. So at least there is a legacy given by the ancestors of armadillos for the future fate of his successor so that later they are better & mudah2an not extinct.

Pangolin scales have a structure that resembles vegetables artichokes.

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Coturnix coturnix

Quail / Quail (Coturnix coturnix) is a type of bird that can not fly (just like chicken). Quail very short life cycle. During his lifetime quail through three important phases, ie the initial phase, the phase of growth and egg-laying phase.

Initial phase
The initial phase is the phase in which the eggs had just hatched up to 11 days-old quail. This phase is a critical time for children quail, because it must survive from the influence of weather and predators. After this phase, the child will begin to leave the nest quail.

Growth phase
Growth phase is the phase where the quail are in the age range of 12-42 days.

laying phase
After the age of 42 days, have started earning adult quail eggs.

period of Marriage
Adult quail usually stay in the herd with a number between 1-20 birds. Staying in a herd can make quail feel more secure because the herd can be mutually observe dangers that lurk from predators.

Quail will leave the herd only during mating. During the breeding season, quail males will perch on trees or the highlands to start the mating calls. Quail quail males often compete with other males and will mate with only one female.

laying period
Quail usually nest among the dense tall grass, where they can hide from predators.

Even though quail nest builders are reliable and protective of their children, only about ten eggs will actually hatch. Unlike many animal species, caregiving tasks are divided between male and female quail during the nesting season.

The period of incubation
If not destroyed by predators or bad weather, children will quail hatch after 17-20 days incubation period. During the first 2 weeks of life, young quail will have a strict diet of insects and grass mixtures. After this period, they will slowly move to a diet of grains, like corn and beans wild.

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Libellula depressa

Like insects in general, the body of the dragonfly / Dragonfly (Libellula depressa) consists of 3 parts, the head with large eyes, chest / thorax with four long wings that can not be folded & has 3 pairs of legs, and stomach / abdomen with 10 segments.

habitat
Dragonflies live near the water because that makes their life cycle they can not live far from water.

Life Cycle
Dragonfly life cycle, from egg to death as an adult, varies between six months to a maximum of 6 or 7 years. Dragonflies lay their eggs on plants that are in the water.

After hatching, the larvae of dragonflies live and thrive in the bottom waters, metamorphosed into nymphs, and finally out of the water as an adult dragonfly.

Most of the dragonfly's life cycle is spent in the nymph form, beneath the water surface, using internal gills to breathe. Larvae and dragonfly nymphs live as a ferocious carnivore. Large dragonfly nymphs can even hunt and prey on tadpoles and young fish.

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Myrmeleon formicarius

Undur-undur/antlion (Myrmeleon formicarius) believed efficacious lower blood sugar levels of diabetics. These insects contain substances that can launch a sulfonylurea in the pancreas to produce insulin. Insulin function is as a counterweight in the blood glucose levels.

Retreat-retreat is a group of animals holometabola the perfect insects that undergo metamorphosis (egg, larva, pupa, and imago). Based on the characteristics of wings and mouth, this animal is of the order Neuroptera (net-winged insects).

Eggs
Dragonflies female will usually lay their eggs on the ground with the texture of fine sand or dust. The eggs will hatch and develop into larvae. Characterized by nests of mining land.

Flyblow
Dragonfly eggs will hatch into larvae which we are familiar with the name of the retreat-retreat or doodlebug. Retreat-retreat spent almost his entire life as larvae. At this stage, retreat-retreat dig a hole in the soft sand and wait for other insects, like ants, to pass & fall into it. With a large jaw, retreat-retreat will destroy the body prey to her body fluids out and smoked. Larval stage lasts between 1 to 3 years.

Pupa
Pupa is a cocoon at the time of retreat-retreat was no longer perform the activity, in that same place & improvement of organ formation. The existence of a ball-shaped lump of soil is characteristic of retreat-retreat in the pupa stage. This process usually takes about 3 weeks to 1 month.

Imago
Imago is a phase or phases of breeding adults. Imago usually most active at night and can often be seen hanging upside down on tree branches. Imago as an adult food is nectar. The main focus of the imago retreat-retreat is a reproduction. Imago usually live between 1 month and 45 days. Many people who do not know if the form of phase-retreat retreat is adult dragonflies. Despite this form of body-retreat retreat with dragonflies dragonflies are not the same plain. In addition to retreat-retreat that spawn in the sand, and dragonflies are laying eggs in the water, there are also other types of dragonflies lay their eggs on the leaves / twigs of trees.

Techniques hunting retreat-retreat
- Blown with a straw
By way blown, the lighter mass of sand carried by the wind will come out. While the retreat-retreat with a heavier mass will be missed, so easily captured.
- Scooped and sieved with a mesh / tea strainer.
Once scooped, retreat-retreat is thought to exist in the spoon with sand, poured into the net and sifted, retreat-retreat will be visible and easily captured.

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